Do you know about - How Led Light Bulbs Are Made
Clear Check! Again, for I know. Ready to share new things that are useful. You and your friends.One-hundred-and-thirty years ago, Thomas Edison completed the first prosperous sustained test of the incandescent light bulb. With some incremental improvements along the way, Edison's basic technology has lit the world ever since. This is about to change. We are on the cusp of a semiconductor-based lighting revolution that will ultimately replace Edison's bulbs with a far more energy-efficient lighting solution. Solid state Led lighting will at last replace approximately all of the hundreds of billions of incandescent and fluorescent lights in use colse to the world today. In fact, as a step along this path, President Obama last June unveiled new, stricter lighting standards that will withhold the phasing out of incandescent bulbs (which already are banned in parts of Europe).
What I said. It is not outcome that the real about Clear Check. You read this article for facts about that need to know is Clear Check.How is How Led Light Bulbs Are Made
To understand just how revolutionary Led light bulbs are as well as why they are still expensive, it is instructive to look at how they are manufactured and to assess this to the make of incandescent light bulbs. This record explores how incandescent light bulbs are made and then contrasts that process with a record of the typical manufacturing process for Led light bulbs.
So, let's begin by taking a look at how primary incandescent light bulbs are manufactured. You will find that this is a first-rate example of an automatic market process refined in over a century of experience.
While private incandescent light bulb types differ in size and wattage, all of them have the three basic parts: the filament, the bulb, and the base. The filament is made of tungsten. While very fragile, tungsten filaments can withstand temperatures of 4,500 degrees Fahrenheit and above. The connecting or lead-in wires are typically made of nickel-iron wire. This wire is dipped into a borax clarification to make the wire more adherent to glass. The bulb itself is made of glass and contains a blend of gases, regularly argon and nitrogen, which growth the life of the filament. Air is pumped out of the bulb and supplanted with the gases. A standardized base holds the entire assembly in place. The base is known as the "Edison screw base." Aluminum is used on the covering and glass used to insulate the inside of the base.
Originally produced by hand, light bulb manufacturing is now approximately entirely automated. First, the filament is manufactured using a process known as drawing, in which tungsten is mixed with a binder material and pulled through a die (a shaped orifice) into a fine wire. Next, the wire is wound colse to a metal bar called a mandrel in order to mold it into its proper coiled shape, and then it is heated in a process known as annealing, softening the wire and makes its buildings more uniform. The mandrel is then dissolved in acid.
Second, the coiled filament is attached to the lead-in wires. The lead-in wires have hooks at their ends which are either pressed over the end of the filament or, in larger bulbs, spot-welded.
Third, the glass bulbs or casings are produced using a ribbon machine. After heating in a furnace, a continuous ribbon of glass moves along a conveyor belt. verily aligned air nozzles blow the glass through holes in the conveyor belt into molds, creating the casings. A ribbon engine entertaining at top speed can yield more than 50,000 bulbs per hour. After the casings are blown, they are cooled and then cut off of the ribbon machine. Next, the inside of the bulb is coated with silica to take off the glare caused by a glowing, uncovered filament. The label and wattage are then stamped onto the covering top of each casing.
Fourth, the base of the bulb is also constructed using molds. It is made with indentations in the shape of a screw so that it can verily fit into the socket of a light fixture.
Fifth, once the filament, base, and bulb are made, they are fitted together by machines. First, the filament is mounted to the stem assembly, with its ends clamped to the two lead-in wires. Next, the air inside the bulb is evacuated, and the casing is filled with the argon and nitrogen mixture.
Finally, the base and the bulb are sealed. The base slides onto the end of the glass bulb such that no other material is needed to keep them together. Instead, their conforming shapes allow the two pieces to be held together snugly, with the lead-in wires touching the aluminum base to ensure proper electrical contact. After testing, bulbs are settled in their packages and shipped to consumers.
Light bulbs are tested for both lamp life and strength. In order to contribute quick results, superior bulbs are screwed into life test racks and lit at levels far exceeding normal. This provides an accurate portion of how long the bulb will last under normal conditions. Testing is performed at all manufacturing plants as well as at some independent testing facilities. The median life of the typical household bulb is 750 to 1,000 hours, depending on wattage.
Led light bulbs are built colse to solid-state semiconductor devices, so the manufacturing process most intimately resembles that used to make electronic products like Pc mum boards.
A light-emitting diode (Led) is a solid state electrical circuit that generates light by the movement of electrons in a semiconductor material. Led technology has been colse to since the late 1960s, but for the first 40 years Leds were primarily used in electronics devices to replace itsybitsy light bulbs. Within the last decade, advances in the technology ultimately boosted light yield high sufficient for Leds to begin to seriously compete with incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs. As with many technologies, as the cost of yield falls each successive Led generation also improves in light quality, yield per watt, and heat management.
The computer manufactures is well qualified to make Led lighting. The process isn't a whole lot different than production a computer motherboard. The clubs production the Leds themselves are generally not in the lighting business, or it is a minor part of their business. They tend to be semiconductor houses that are happy cranking out their product, which is why prices on high-output Leds has fallen so much in the last 15 years.
Led bulbs themselves are expensive in part because it takes a number of Leds to get wide-area illumination instead of a narrow beam, and the assembly cost adds to the whole price. In addition, assemblies consisting of arrays of Leds create more opportunities for product defects.
An Led light consists of four valuable components: an Led circuit board, a heatsink, a power supply, and a shell. The lights start out as bare printed circuit boards (Pcb) and high luminance Led elements arrive from separate factories which specialize in production those components. Led elements themselves create a bit of heat, so the Pcb used in lighting fixtures is special. Instead of the standard non-conductive sandwich of epoxy and fiberglass, the circuit board is laid out on a thin sheet of aluminum which acts as a heatsink.
The aluminum Pcb used in Led lighting is coated with a non-conducting material and conductive copper trace lines to form the circuit board. Solder paste is then applied in the right places and then covering Mount Technology (Smt) machines place the tiny Led elements, driver Ics, and other components onto the board at ultra high speeds.
The round shape of a primary light bulb means that most Led printed circuit boards are circular, so for ease of handling any of the smaller circular Pcbs are combined into one larger rectangular Pcb that automatic Smt machinery can handle. Think of it like a cupcake tray entertaining from one engine to the next along a conveyor belt, then at the end the private cupcakes are snapped free from the tray.
Let's take a look at the manufacturing steps for a typical Led light bulb meant to replace a standard incandescent bulb with an Edison Screw. You will see that it is a very different process from the very automatic processes used to make our customary incandescent bulbs. And, despite what you might imagine, citizen are still very much a valuable part of manufacturing process, and not just for testing and quality assurance either.
Once the larger sheets of Led circuit boards have passed through a solder reflow oven (a hot air furnace that melts the solder paste), they are broken up into the private small circuit boards and power wires manually soldered on.
The small power contribute housed in the body of the light bulb goes through a similar process, or may be delivered perfect from someone else factory. In either case, the manufacturing steps are the same; first the Pcb passes through Smt lines, then it goes to a hand-operated dual in-line package (Dip) assembly line where a long row of installation workers add one component at a time. Dip refers to the two parallel rows of leads projecting from the sides of the package. Dip components comprise all integrated chips and chip sockets.
While Led lights burn any times longer than incandescent or Cfls and require less than half the energy, they need some form of passive heatsink keep the high-power Leds from overheating. The Led circuit board, which is made from 1.6-2mm thick aluminum, will escort the heat from the dozen or so Led elements to the metal heatsink frame and thus keep temperatures in check. Aluminum-backed Pcbs are sometimes called "metal core printed circuit boards," and though made of a conductive material the white coating is electrically isolating. The aluminum Pcb is screwed in place within the heatsink which forms the lower half of the Led light bulb.
After this, the power connector board is fixed in place with adhesive. The small power contribute converts 120/240V Ac mains power to a lower voltage (12V or 24V), it fits in the cavity behind the aluminum Pcb.
Shell assembly consists of locking the shell in place with screws. A plastic shell covers the power contribute and connects with the metal heatsink and Led circuit board. Ventilation holes are included to allow hot air to escape. Wiring assembly for plug socket requires soldering wires to the bulb socket. Then shell is attached.
Next, the completed Led light is sent to burn-in testing and quality control. The burn-in test typically lasts for 30 minutes. The completed Led light bulb is then powered up to see if it is working properly and burned in for 30 minutes. There is also a high-voltage leakage and breakdown test and power consumption and power factor test. Samples from the yield run are tested for high-voltage leaks, power consumption, and power factor (efficiency).
The complete bulbs pass through one final crimping step as the metal socket base is crimped in place, are bar-coded and identified with lot numbers. External security labels are applied and the bulb is inked with information, such as brand and model number. Finally, all that's left is to fix on the clear plastic Led cover which is glued in place.
After a final check to make sure all the different parts of the Led light are tight, then it is packed into private boxes, and bulbs are shipped out.
So, if you have wondered why Led light bulbs are so expensive today, this explanation of how they are manufactured and how that compares to the make of primary light bulbs should help. However, it also reveals why the cost will fall pretty dramatically over the next few years. Just as the cost of manufacturing other semiconductor-based products has fallen dramatically due to standardization, automation and other key steps along the manufacturing studying curve, the same inexorable forces will drive down the costs of Led light bulb production.
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